You are correct in your "most prevalent" observation. A ball that enters the basket from below is whistled dead and a change of possession occurs.
The NCAA and FIBA see it as a violation.
This is addressed for the FIBA in its rule book under "THE GAME": Rule 1, Article 16, 2.4 (certain emphasis added)
RULE ONE – THE GAME
Art. 16 Goal: When made and its value
16.2.4 If a player causes the entire ball to pass through the basket from below, it
is a violation.
The FIBA's definition and handling of violations.
RULE FIVE - VIOLATIONS
Art. 22 Violations
22.1 Definition - A violation is an infraction of the rules.
22.2 Penalty - The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the place nearest to the infraction
This is addressed for the NCAA in its rule book under "VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES": Rule 9, Section 6
RULE 9 - VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES
Section 6. Travel, Kick, Fist, Through Basket from Below
A player shall not travel or run with the ball, intentionally kick it, strike it
with the fist or cause it to pass through the basket and enter the cylinder from
below.
This is addressed for the NBA in its rule book under "PUTTING BALL IN PLAY - LIVE/DEAD BALL": Rule 6, Section I, e(2).
RULE NO. 6—PUTTING BALL IN PLAY — LIVE/DEAD BALL
Section I—Start of Games/Periods and Others
e. On the following infractions, the ball
shall be awarded to the opposing team out-of-bounds on the nearest
sideline at the free throw line extended:
(1) Three-seconds (offensive)
(2) Ball entering basket from below
(3) Illegal assist in scoring
(4) Offensive screen set out-of-bounds
(5) Punching foul
(6) Free throw violation by the offensive team
(7) Flagrant foul-penalty (1) or (2)
(8) Defensive three-seconds (offensive team retains possession)
(9) Jump ball violation at free throw circle
(10) Ball passing directly behind backboard
(11) Offensive basket interference
(12) Ball hitting horizontal basket support
(13) Loose ball fouls which occur inside the free throw line extended
(14) Five second back-to-the-basket violation