How do teams progress to the 2nd stage in case of same points?

Question

I am not very familiar with football. I only follow football matches during world cups. Suppose two teams end up the first group with same points then how the final group standing is decided? I can see Wins, Draws, Loses, Goals For, Goals Against, Goals Difference and Team Points in the group standing table. So my question: what is counted prior? At least I know team point is counted (compared) first. But if points are equal then on what basis the group standing is decided?

Related: Qualification decision in group stages when everything is equal

Answer 1

As FIFA rules declare:

1. By comparing goal differences
2. Total Goals scored
3. Goal difference resulting from the group matches between the teams concerned
4. Greater number of goals scored in all group matches between the teams concerned
5. Drawing of lots by the FIFA organizing committee These rules are only in FIFA World Cup

See here for more details

Answer 2

The more up-to-date answer for the FIFA World Cup 2018 is:

1. Points obtained in all group matches;
2. Goal difference in all group matches;
3. Number of goals scored in all group matches;
4. Points obtained in the matches played between the teams in question;
5. Goal difference in the matches played between the teams in question;
6. Number of goals scored in the matches played between the teams in question;
7. Fair play points in all group matches (only one of these deductions shall be applied to a player in a single match):
   1. First yellow card: minus 1 point;
   2. Indirect red card (second yellow card): minus 3 points;
   3. Direct red card: minus 4 points;
   4. Yellow card and direct red card: minus 5 points;
8. Drawing of lots by the FIFA Organising Committee.