I found an article from 2018 with a few examples:
- Bengals defensive coordinator Ken Zampese was fired after week 2 in 2017. Head coach Marvin Lewis stayed for an other season.
- Bengals defensive coordinator Teryl Austin was fired in November 2018. At the end of the season Marvin Lewis was (practically) fired.
- Buccaneers defensive coordinator Mike Smith was fired in October 2018. Head coach Dirk Koetter was fired at the end of the season.
- Lions special teams coordinator Joe Marciano was fired in November 2018. Head coach Matt Patricia was fired two years later (also in season).
- Cardinals offensive coordinator Mike McCoy was fired in October 2018. Head coach Steve Wilks was fired after the end of the season.
- Lions offensive coordinator Joe Lombardi was fired in October 2015. Head coach Jim Caldwell stayed for more than two seasons.
- Ravens offensive coordinator Cam Cameron was fired in December 2012. Head coach John Harbaugh still leads the Ravens a decade later.
So out of 8 examples (including Matt Rhule), 4 head coaches had the door shown to them within 12 months, 1 survived a season-and-a-half, 2 survived 2 seasons and one stayed with the team ever since. So if I'm Frank Reich (Colts head coach), I don't expect to lead the Colts next November...