In the above F1 Azerbaijan Grand Prix 2023 schedule, I cannot understand what Sprint and Sprint Shootout mean.
Is this kind of practice or qualifier?
As of 2023, the F1 "sprint race weekends" are effectively two entirely separate races:
This is a significant change from the sprint format used in 2021/22, where the sprint race set the grid for the main race (and gave 3-2-1 points for the first three places). The change was made on 25th April 2023, just five days before the first sprint race of the 2023 season in Azerbaijan, in response to criticisms of the 2021/22 sprint format (source: BBC News).
From the 2021 season, the F1 introduced a new format. They introduced Sprint which set the grid for the main race.
In the 3 days of F1 event weekend from Friday to Sunday the old schedule (2021 and 20220 are as follows:
From the 2023 season, the F1 introduced another new format.
Fhe Friday schedule remains unchanged. The Sprint shootout are held in saturday from 2023.
The new weekend schedule are as follows:
The sprint shootout will set the grid for the sprint race itself.
Reference: