Sure, lots of sports have different rules related to timing, though I'd note that it's unclear how much this is due to stamina versus money/historical interest. Stamina is not straightforward question between men and women (see: extreme long distance running, women hold the records, not men).
Softball is 7 innings versus baseball being 9 innings.
WNBA periods are 10 minutes, 40 minute games while NBA periods are 12 minutes, 48 minute games.
Golf could be another one here - while the "length" of the game is the same, moving the tees forward makes it a shorter game (or rather, aims to make it the same length-of-time instead of longer).